Extra Class Vocabulary (ECV)

 

Expression	Transcription	Definition (English)	Example sentence	Ukrainian translation
very you	/ˈveri juː/	Used to say that something is extremely typical of a person’s character, style, or personality. Informal and conversational.	That reaction was very you — honest and emotional.	дуже в твоєму стилі / типово для тебе
the very book / the very person / the very earth	/ðə ˈveri bʊk / ðə ˈveri ˈpɜːrsən / ðə ˈveri ɜːrθ/	Very is used for emphasis to mean exact, same, precise. It highlights identity, importance, or exact reference.	This is the very book I was looking for. She is the very person we need. We must protect the very earth we live on.	саме та книга / та сама книга саме та людина сама Земля
I am the worst / my bad	/aɪ æm ðə wɜːrst/ /maɪ bæd/	I am the worst is a strong, often emotional or exaggerated way to blame oneself. My bad is informal and light, used to admit a small mistake.	I forgot your birthday — I am the worst. Oops, wrong link — my bad.	я найгірший / я жахливий моя помилка
I am here for you / I will be here for you / I am here	/aɪ æm hɪr fɔːr juː/ /aɪ wɪl biː hɪr fɔːr juː/	Expressions used to show emotional support, availability, and willingness to help. Present vs future support.	Whatever happens, I am here for you.	я поруч / я тут, щоб підтримати
stuck in second gear	/stʌk ɪn ˈsekənd ɡɪr/	An idiom meaning unable to move forward or make progress in life or a situation.	I feel stuck in second gear in my career.	застрягти на місці / не рухатися вперед

Murphy’s Law	/ˈmɜː.fiːz lɔː/	the idea that if something can go wrong, it will go wrong	Murphy’s Law always works when I’m in a hurry.	закон підлості
just my luck	/dʒʌst maɪ lʌk/	used to express that something bad or annoying always happens to you	I missed the bus again — just my luck!	як завжди «щастить»
budget-friendly	/ˈbʌdʒ.ɪt ˌfrend.li/	not expensive; affordable	We stayed in a budget-friendly hotel during the trip.	бюджетний, недорогий
crawl	/krɔːl/	to move slowly with the body close to the ground	The baby began to crawl across the floor.	повзати
vicious circle	/ˌvɪʃ.əs ˈsɜː.kəl/	a bad situation that keeps repeating itself and gets worse	Stress creates a vicious circle of poor sleep and anxiety.	замкнене коло
treasure	/ˈtreʒ.ər/	something very valuable or important	This ring is my greatest treasure.	скарб
hypocritical	/ˌhɪp.əˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/	behaving in a way that says you have higher standards than you really have	It’s hypocritical to tell others not to lie when you do it yourself.	лицемірний
hypocrite	/ˈhɪp.ə.krɪt/	someone who says they have particular moral beliefs but behaves differently	He’s a hypocrite — he criticizes others but does the same.	лицемір

It’s been the ruin of	/ɪts bɪn ðə ˈruː.ɪn əv/	something that has caused someone’s failure or destruction	Gambling has been the ruin of many people.	стало причиною загибелі / зруйнувало
the only thing a woman needs is	/ði ˈəʊn.li θɪŋ ə ˈwʊm.ən niːdz ɪz/	a phrase used to express what is believed to be most important for a woman	He believes that the only thing a woman needs is love and respect.	єдине, що потрібно жінці — це
the only time she is satisfied	/ði ˈəʊn.li taɪm ʃiː ɪz ˈsæt.ɪs.faɪd/	the only moment when she feels happy or content	The only time she is satisfied is when she achieves her goals.	єдиний час, коли вона задоволена
to spend my life in sin and misery	/tə spend maɪ laɪf ɪn sɪn ænd ˈmɪz.ər.i/	to live a life full of wrongdoing and unhappiness	He feared he would spend his life in sin and misery.	провести життя в гріху та стражданні
to wear that ball and chain	/tə weər ðæt bɔːl ænd tʃeɪn/	to feel trapped in a relationship or responsibility	He wasn’t ready to wear that ball and chain of marriage.	бути прикутим (до шлюбу / обов’язків)
one foot on the platform and another on the train	/wʌn fʊt ɒn ðə ˈplæt.fɔːm ænd əˈnʌð.ər ɒn ðə treɪn/	to be undecided or caught between two choices	He stood with one foot on the platform and another on the train, unsure what to do.	бути між двома рішеннями
not to do what I have done	/nɒt tə duː wɒt aɪ hæv dʌn/	a warning to others not to repeat one’s mistakes	Learn from me — not to do what I have done.	не роби так, як зробив я

hoard	/hɔːd/	to collect large amounts of something and keep it for yourself, often secretly	She tends to hoard old magazines because she thinks she might need them someday.	накопичувати, запасати
fatigue	/fəˈtiːɡ/	extreme tiredness, especially caused by physical or mental activity	After working non-stop for a week, he was suffering from severe fatigue.	втома, перевтома
gossip columns	/ˈɡɒsɪp ˌkɒləmz/	sections in newspapers or magazines that publish rumors and personal details about famous people	She loves reading gossip columns to keep up with celebrity news.	світська хроніка, колонки пліток

diversion	/daɪˈvɜːʃən/	something that takes your attention away from something else, often intentionally or for enjoyment	Watching a light comedy was a pleasant diversion after a stressful day.	відволікання, розвага → має позитивний відтінок: приємне переключення уваги або свідоме відволікання (щоб відпочити або змінити фокус)
distraction	/dɪˈstrækʃən/	something that prevents you from giving your full attention to something else	Noise from the street became a serious distraction while I was trying to work.	відволікаючий фактор, перешкода → має негативний відтінок: заважає зосередитися, порушує концентрацію

 

be careful	/bi ˈkeəfəl/	to try to avoid danger or mistakes	Be careful when you cross the road.	будь обережний → загальна порада, спокійний тон; використовується постійно в повсякденній мові
watch out	/ˌwɒtʃ ˈaʊt/	used to warn someone of danger, especially suddenly	Watch out! There’s a car coming!	обережно! → миттєве попередження про небезпеку прямо зараз; емоційніше, ніж be careful
beware	/bɪˈweə/	to be careful of something dangerous	Beware of the dog.	стережись, остерігайся → більш формальне / письмове, часто на знаках; звучить серйозніше і навіть трохи драматично
warn	/wɔːn/	to tell someone about possible danger or a problem in advance	She warned me about the traffic.	попереджати → дієслово дії: ти повідомляєш заздалегідь про небезпеку (не вигук, а дія)

• be careful → загальна порада (спокійно)
• watch out! → небезпека прямо зараз
• beware → офіційно / на табличках
•  warn → попередити когось (як дія)

·   

appreciate	/əˈpriːʃieɪt/	to recognize the good qualities of something or to be grateful for something	I really appreciate your help with this project.	цінувати, бути вдячним → акцент на вдячності або усвідомленні цінності; часто використовується в спілкуванні (I appreciate it)
value	/ˈvæljuː/	to consider something important or beneficial	She values honesty in people.	цінувати → більш раціональне, принципове ставлення; те, що важливе як переконання або життєвий принцип
treasure	/ˈtreʒər/	to keep and care for something very carefully because it is very valuable or special	He treasures the letters from his grandmother.	дорожити → дуже емоційне, глибоке почуття; ніби «берегти як скарб», найсильніший рівень цінності

• appreciate = вдячний
• value = вважаю важливим  
• treasure = дуже сильно дорожу

sickness	/ˈsɪknəs/	a condition in which you feel ill or are vomiting; also a general state of being ill	He felt a sudden wave of sickness during the trip.	нудота; погане самопочуття → часто про фізичне відчуття (особливо нудоту) або тимчасовий стан
illness	/ˈɪlnəs/	a disease or period of being ill	She was absent due to a serious illness.	хвороба, нездужання → загальне слово для будь-якого стану хвороби (повсякденне використання)
disease	/dɪˈziːz/	an illness of people, animals, or plants caused by infection or a failure of health	Cancer is a serious disease.	захворювання → більш медичний, формальний термін; конкретна патологія або діагноз

• sickness → як ти себе почуваєш (часто нудить )
• illness → загальне «я хворий»  
• disease → конкретна медична хвороба

·   

Well done!	/ˌwel ˈdʌn/	used to praise someone for something they have done successfully	Well done! You answered all the questions correctly.	молодець! добре зроблено!
Good job!	/ˌɡʊd ˈdʒɒb/	used to praise someone for doing something well	Good job! You handled that task really well.	молодець! гарна робота!
Good for you!	/ˌɡʊd fə ˈjuː/	used to show approval or pleasure at someone’s success or good decision	Good for you! You finally started going to the gym.	молодець! (радію за тебе)
You nailed it!	/juː ˈneɪld ɪt/	used to say that someone did something perfectly or very successfully	You nailed it! That was a perfect presentation.	ти впорався ідеально! молодець!

 

bear	/beə(r)/	ведмідь
beer	/bɪə(r)/	пиво
beard	/bɪəd/	борода
bear (can’t bear)	/be(r)/	не виносити щось

toddle	/ˈtɒdəl/	(of a young child) to walk with short, unsteady steps; also to go somewhere in a relaxed way	The baby toddled across the room.	дріботіти / ходити невпевнено (про малюка); повільно піти
trampoline	/ˈtræmpəliːn/	a piece of equipment with a strong fabric stretched across a frame, used for jumping on	The kids were jumping on the trampoline.	батут

РОЗДРАТУВАННЯ, ЗЛІСТЬ

(від легкої стадії до сильної)

be annoyed	/bɪ əˈnɔɪd/	slightly angry or bothered	I was a bit annoyed with him.	трохи роздратований
be irritated	/bɪ ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/	annoyed, especially because of something repeated	She felt irritated by the noise.	роздратований
be upset	/bɪ ʌpˈset/	unhappy and slightly angry	I was really upset about it.	засмучений / трохи сердитий
be frustrated	/bɪ frʌˈstreɪtɪd/	feeling annoyed because you can’t change a situation	I’m frustrated with my progress.	роздратований через безсилля
be fed up (with)	/bɪ fed ʌp/	annoyed and tired of something over time	I’m fed up with this situation.	мені це набридло / дістало
be mad (at someone)	/bɪ mæd/	angry with someone (informal, AmE)	She’s mad at me.	злитися на когось
be pissed off	/bɪ pɪst ɒf/	very annoyed or angry (informal)	I was really pissed off.	дуже роздратований / злий
be furious	/bɪ ˈfjʊəriəs/	extremely angry	He was absolutely furious.	розлючений
be livid	/bɪ ˈlɪvɪd/	extremely angry, almost out of control	She was livid when she found out.	у люті / шалено злий

різниця не тільки в силі, а й у причині:

• annoyed / irritated → щось дратує
• frustrated → не виходить щось зробити
• fed up → довго терпів → набридло
• mad / pissed off → вже відкрито злишся
• furious / livid → дуже сильна емоція 

resurrection	/ˌrezəˈrekʃən/	The act of coming back to life after death. Mainly used in religious contexts.	Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus Christ.	воскресіння / воскрешення
rise (from the dead)	/raɪz (frəm ðə ded)/	To come back to life; also to rise, recover, renew. More poetic and symbolic than resurrection.	Christians believe Jesus rose from the dead.	воскресати / повставати / відроджуватися
resurrect	/ˌrezəˈrekt/	To bring someone back to life. Also figurative: revive an old idea/project.	The story says God resurrected him.	воскресити / відродити
temperature	/ˈtemprətʃə(r)/	In many Slavic languages this means illness fever, but in English alone it usually means body or air temperature generally.	My temperature is 38 degrees.	температура
fever	/ˈfiːvə(r)/	The natural English word for a high temperature caused by illness.	I have a fever, so I’m staying home.	жар / підвищена температура
I have a fever	/aɪ hæv ə ˈfiːvə(r)/	Correct natural phrase for “у меня температура”.	I have a fever and a sore throat.	у мене температура
regret	/rɪˈɡret/	A feeling of sadness about something you did or didn’t do. Also a verb.	I regret not studyING harder.	шкодувати / жаль / каяття
curse words	/kɜːs wɜːdz/	Swear words; rude offensive language. More specific than rude words.	Please don’t use curse words in class.	лайливі / нецензурні слова
rude words	/ruːd wɜːdz/	Impolite or offensive words in general; softer and broader than curse words.	Children repeated some rude words they heard online.	грубі / неввічливі слова
aggravate	/ˈæɡrəveɪt/	To make something worse, especially pain, a problem, or irritation.	Running may aggravate the injury.	погіршувати / посилювати / дратувати
anger	/ˈæŋɡə(r)/	General word for anger. Neutral term.	His anger was obvious.	гнів / злість
rage	/reɪdʒ/	Very strong uncontrolled anger, often explosive.	He was shaking with rage.	лють / шалений гнів
fury	/ˈfjʊəri/	Intense violent anger; often dramatic/literary and powerful.	She stared at him in fury.	ярість / несамовитий гнів

jump rope /	/ˈdʒʌmp rəʊp/	a rope used for jumping over as exercise or play	She bought a new jump rope yesterday.	скакалка
jump rope	/dʒʌmp rəʊp/	to jump over a rope that swings under your feet and over your head	The children were jumping rope in the yard.	стрибати на скакалці
air raid alarm	/eə reɪd əˈlɑːm/	a warning signal telling people that an attack from the air may happen or has started	The air raid alarm woke everyone early in the morning.	повітряна тривога
what are you up to?	/wɒt ə ju ʌp tuː/	used to ask what someone is doing or planning	What are you up to this evening?	чим ти займаєшся?; що ти робиш?
it’s up to...	/ɪts ʌp tuː/	used to say that someone has the responsibility to decide	It’s up to you whether we stay or leave.	це залежить від...; тобі вирішувати

Raid = раптовий напад, наліт, несподівана операція або вторгнення.
Головна ідея слова — швидка, раптова дія, часто з елементом атаки або перевірки.

• air raid = повітряний наліт
• police raid = поліцейський рейд / раптова операція поліції
• night raid = нічний напад

weed out	/ˌwiːd ˈaʊt/	to remove unwanted plants, things, or people	Farmers spent the morning weeding out the unwanted plants from the field.	виполювати, позбавлятися від чогось непотрібного
tuck kids in	/tʌk kɪdz ɪn/	to put children into bed and make them comfortable	She always tucks the kids in and reads them a bedtime story.	вкладати дітей спати, підкривати дітей ковдрою
scarce in	/skeəs ɪn /	used to describe a situation when there is not enough of something	During the drought, the region became scarce in clean drinking water.	мати нестачу чогось, бути бідним на щось
lack of	/læk əv/	not having enough of something	A lack of sleep can seriously affect your concentration and mood.	нестача, брак чогось
pull out weeds	/pʊl aʊt wiːdz/	to remove unwanted plants from the ground	We spent the afternoon pulling out weeds in the garden after the rain.	виривати бур’яни, полоти бур’ян
garden / flower bed	/ˈɡɑːdn/ ; /ˈflaʊə bed/	an area where flowers or plants are grown	She planted roses and tulips in the new flower bed near the house.	грядка/клумба
vegetable patch	/ˈvedʒtəbl pætʃ/	a small area where vegetables are grown	My grandfather grows tomatoes, cucumbers, and onions in his vegetable patch.	город, ділянка для овочів
rock a baby to sleep	/rɒk ə ˈbeɪbi tə sliːp/	to move a baby gently until the baby falls asleep	The father quietly rocked the baby to sleep in his arms.	заколисувати дитину
lull a baby to sleep	/lʌl ə ˈbeɪbi tə sliːp/	to calm a baby gently until it falls asleep, often with a soft voice or movement	Soft music helped lull the baby to sleep after a long day.	приспати дитину, заколисати дитину
well	/wel/	a deep hole in the ground from which water is obtained	People in the village still use a traditional well for water.	криниця, колодязь, скважина
water well	/ˈwɔːtə wel/	a well that provides water for drinking or household use	The old water well behind the house still works perfectly.	криниця, колодязь, скважина

• scarce in → фокус на тому, що чогось мало в певному місці чи середовищі.
  Часто використовується для ресурсів, продуктів, можливостей.
• lack of → фокус на самому факті нестачі.
  Більш універсальний і набагато частіше вживається в повсякденній та академічній англійській.

pushchair / stroller	/ˈpʊʃ.tʃeər/ /ˈstroʊ.lɚ/	A chair on wheels used for pushing a baby or small child. Pushchair is British English, stroller is American English.	We bought a light stroller for travelling.	дитячий візочок; прогулянкова коляска
crib	/krɪb/	A small bed for a baby with high sides. In British English, people more often say cot.	The baby was sleeping peacefully in the crib.	дитяче ліжечко
make up somebody’s mind	/ˌmeɪk ˌʌp ˈsʌm.bə.diz ˈmaɪnd/	To make a decision after thinking carefully about something.	I still can’t make up my mind about moving abroad.	визначитися; прийняти рішення
endurance	/ɪnˈdjʊə.rəns/ UK /ɪnˈdʊr.əns/ US	The ability to continue through pain, stress, difficulty, or a long challenging situation.	She showed incredible emotional endurance during that difficult year. Endurance is often connected with long-term mental, emotional, or physical toughness — the ability to endure pressure, pain, hardship, or exhaustion.	витривалість; стійкість; здатність витримувати труднощі
stamina	/ˈstæm.ɪ.nə/	Physical energy and strength that allow someone to stay active for a long time without getting tired quickly.	You need a lot of stamina to play tennis professionally. Stamina is more associated with sports, physical energy, activity, and having enough strength to keep going actively.	витривалість; запас фізичних сил; енергія
to be a credit to	/tə bi ə ˈkred.ɪt tuː/	To make people feel proud because of your behaviour, qualities, or achievements.	You are a real credit to your parents and teachers.	бути гордістю; робити честь комусь

trample	/ˈtræmpl/	to step heavily on something and damage or crush it	Someone trampled my flowers.	розтоптати
crush	/krʌʃ/	to press something so hard that it breaks or loses its shape	He accidentally crushed the plant.	розчавити, розтоптати
bulb	/bʌlb/	the underground part of some plants from which they grow	I planted tulip bulbs in autumn.	цибулина, цибулинка
flower bulb	/ˈflaʊə bʌlb/	a bulb of a flowering plant	These flower bulbs should be planted in September.	квіткова цибулина
whiner	/ˈwaɪnə(r)/	a person who complains a lot	Stop being such a whiner!	нитик
complainer	/kəmˈpleɪnə(r)/	a person who often complains	Nobody likes a constant complainer.	скаржник, нитик
crybaby	/ˈkraɪˌbeɪbi/	a person who complains or cries too much	Don't be such a crybaby.	плакса, скиглій
like a bull in a china shop	/laɪk ə bʊl ɪn ə ˈtʃaɪnə ʃɒp/	behaving in a careless and clumsy way that is likely to cause damage	He handled the delicate situation like a bull in a china shop.	як слон у посудній крамниці; дуже незграбно
roller coaster	/ˈrəʊlə ˌkəʊstə(r)/	an amusement park ride with steep ups and downs; also used metaphorically for a situation with many emotional changes	My first year at university was a real roller coaster.	американські гірки; емоційні гойдалки
(in) the middle of nowhere	/ðə ˌmɪdl əv ˈnəʊweə(r)/	a place far away from towns, cities, or other people	Their house is in the middle of nowhere.	глухомань, бозна-де

call it a day	/ˌkɔːl ɪt ə ˈdeɪ/	to stop what you are doing because you do not want to do any more or think you have done enough	We've been working for six hours, so let's call it a day.	Закінчити роботу на сьогодні
call it a night	/ˌkɔːl ɪt ə ˈnaɪt/	to decide to stop an activity for the evening and go home or go to bed	It was getting late, so we called it a night.	Завершити вечір, розійтися спати
good and evil	/ˌɡʊd ən ˈiːvəl/	the forces of right and wrong	Many fairy tales are about the battle between good and evil.	Добро і зло
it's not the sharpest tool in the shed	/ɪts nɒt ðə ˌʃɑːpɪst ˈtuːl ɪn ðə ʃed/	humorous: not very intelligent	He is a nice guy, but he's not the sharpest tool in the shed.	Він не надто кмітливий
pendulum	/ˈpendjələm/	a weight hanging from a fixed point that swings from side to side	The clock's pendulum moved slowly back and forth.	Маятник
justice	/ˈdʒʌstɪs/	fairness in the way people are treated	Everyone deserves justice.	Справедливість, правосуддя
accept	/əkˈsept/	to agree to take or receive something	She accepted the job offer.	Приймати, погоджуватися
except	/ɪkˈsept/	not including; apart from	Everyone came except Tom.	Крім, за винятком
creased	/kriːst/	having a fold or line pressed into it	His trousers looked creased after the trip.	Зім'ятий, заломлений (є одна або кілька чітких складок чи заломів - часто після згинання паперу, одягу, тканини)
wrinkled	/ˈrɪŋkəld/	covered with many small lines or folds	The shirt was wrinkled because it hadn't been ironed.	Пом'ятий, зморшкуватий (загато дрібних складок по всій поверхні - часто про одяг, шкіру, тканину)

• Creased = заломлений, є конкретна складка.
• Wrinkled = пом'ятий, багато дрібних складок.

Наприклад, якщо ви склали аркуш навпіл і розгорнули — він creased.

Якщо сорочка пролежала в чемодані тиждень — вона wrinkled.